Контрольная работа по английскому: «Lows of babylon выполнить все задания кроме и» заказ № 603100

КОНТРОЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА Вариант 1 Task 1: Translate the following text into Russian paying special attention to the words and expressions in bold type:. Laws of Babylon. One of the most detailed ancient legal codes was drawn up in about 1758 B.C. by Hammurabi, a king of Babylonia. The entire code, consisting of 282 paragraphs, was carved into a great stone pillar, which was set up in a temple to the Babylonian god Marduk so that it could be read by every citizen. The pillar, lost for centuries after the fall of Babylon in the 16th century B.C., was rediscovered by a French archaeologist in 1901 amid the ruins of the Persian city of Susa. Hammurabi’s words were still legible. The pillar is now in the Louvre museum in Paris. The laws laid down by Hammurabi were more extensive than any that had gone before. They covered crimes, divorce and marriage, the rights of slave owners and slaves, the settlement of debts, inheritance and property contracts; there were even regulations about taxes and the prices of goods. Punishments under the code were often harsh. The cruel principle of revenge was observed: an eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth, which meant that criminals had to receive as punishment precisely those injuries and damages they had inflicted upon their victims. Not only murderes but also thieves and false accusers faced the death penalty. And a child who hit his father could expect to lose the hand that struck the blow. The code outlawed private blood feuds and banned the tradition by which a man could kidnap and keep the woman he wanted for his bride. In addition, the new laws took account of the circumstances of the offender as well as of the offence. So a lower-ranking citizen who lost a civil case would be fined less than an aristocrat in the same position – though he would also be awarded less if he won. Nevertheless, Hammurabi’s laws represented an advance on earlier tribal customs, because the penalty could not be harder than the crime. Task 2: Write down Russian equivalents for the words and expressions in bold type. Task 3: Answer the following questions: 1. Why do you think Hammurabi decided to have his laws carved into a pillar? 2. How do you understand the principle “an eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth”? 3. In your opinion, were punishments always fair? Task 4: Put the verbs in the correct form: 1) This stone pillar (to keep) in the Louvre Museum. 2) Solon (to provide) a new code of Law. 3) The verdict by a jury (to give) in the times of Solon. 4) Roman law is one of the gratest systems that ever (to exist). 5) The revival of this system (to fall) on the 11th century. Task 5: Insert the articles if necessary: 1) Have you read … Code of Hammurabi? 2) Whose stone figure can we see in … British Museum? 3) The carved stone pillar with 282 paragraphs is kept in … Louvre Museum. 4) Is … Hebrew Law contained in … Book of Exodus? 5) Did Solon live in … Greece? Task 6: Insert prepositions if necessary: 1) These legal principles are still … use. 2) These codes are based … Roman law principles. 3) Roman law developed … the law of the Twelve Tables. 4) … this way local rules became a part of Roman law. 5) These laws deal … commerce. Task 7: Write down the numerals in words from the text: 1) 1758 B.C.; 2) 282 paragraphs; 3) 16th century; 4) In 1901;. Task 8: Render the following passage into English paying special attention to the words and expressions in bold type: В 1901 году французские археологи обнаружили каменный столб среди руин персидского города Сузы. Текст, высеченный на столбе, был древнейшим сводом законов. Он был составлен Хаммурапи, царем Вавилона, в XVIII столетии до н.э. Кодекс Хаммурапи состоит из 282 статей. Установленный в храме вавилонского бога Мардука, “столб законов” должен был служить правосудию и одновременно напоминать: законы должны знать все. Кодекс охватывал все сферы жизни. Он ставил вне закона кровную месть, убийство, похищение невесты. Наказания за них были суровы. Кодекс также охватывал вопросы имущества и наследства. Хаммурапи устанавливал денежный штраф, при назначении которого учитывалось как само правонарушение, так и социальное положение граждан.